# Researchers propose longinus framework for Next-Visit diagnosis prediction

Digest AI · Research · published 2026-11-04T05:00:00Z

Canonical: https://digestai.news/story/researchers-propose-longinus-framework-for-next-visit-diagnosis-predic

## Summary

A new paper on arXiv introduces **LONGINUS**, a retrieval-memory multi-agent system designed to improve next-visit diagnosis prediction in healthcare. The authors argue that current methods fail to account for variability in diagnosis sets, temporal changes (persistent, new, or recurrent diagnoses), and varying patient history depth. Their evaluation framework compares rule-based heuristics, LLM prompting, retrieval, memory, and multi-agent approaches, finding that simple repetition of the last visit often outperforms LLM-based methods despite predicting no new diagnoses.

LONGINUS combines retrieved patient record evidence with structured memory of the patient’s trajectory, using cross-view agreement to adjudicate disagreements without exposing their sources. Tests on **MIMIC-III** and **MIMIC-IV** datasets with four LLM backbones show it achieves the highest transition-specific performance among LLM-based methods in nearly all scenarios while maintaining competitiveness on aggregate metrics. The work highlights the need for more nuanced evaluation frameworks in clinical prediction tasks.

## Key points

- LONGINUS framework combines retrieval and memory for next-visit diagnosis prediction, outperforming LLM-only methods in transition-specific cases
- Researchers find simple repetition of last-visit diagnoses often surpasses LLM-based approaches despite limited predictive power
- Tests on MIMIC-III and MIMIC-IV datasets with four LLM backbones show LONGINUS leads in transition-specific performance

## Why it matters

This work could shift clinical prediction models toward more accurate, interpretable, and context-aware systems by addressing temporal and distributional challenges in diagnosis prediction.

## Sources

1. [Rethinking Next-Visit Diagnosis Prediction Beyond Aggregate Metrics: Retrieval--Memory Multi-Agent Adjudication](https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.03826) (arXiv cs.CL, 2026-11-04, primary source)

## Cite

Digest AI, "Researchers propose longinus framework for Next-Visit diagnosis prediction", 4 November 2026, https://digestai.news/story/researchers-propose-longinus-framework-for-next-visit-diagnosis-predic

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