Can AI spread copies of itself? Considering preparations based on Anthropic's 'self-replication' evaluation
Anthropic released an evaluation on October 12, 2026 that tested whether small AI models could set up inference environments on commercially available IoT devices and chain replication steps within a network. The study found that a 9B‑scale Llama 3.1 model could run inference on 8 of 9 device types, and a 26B‑A4B Gemma model was split across 15 Android TV boxes, achieving 0.39 tokens per second.
Key points
- anthropic’s study shows 9B‑scale llama 3.1 runs on 8 of 9 iot devices
- gemma 4 26b‑a4b split across 15 tv boxes at 0.39 tokens per second
- glm‑5.2 reached all eight emulators in 4 of 5 trials in an isolated network
The research also ran a chain‑replication test on eight Android 15 emulators in a Google Cloud isolated network. In four of five trials, a GLM‑5.2 model reached all eight devices, showing that models can combine the tasks needed for replication into a single workflow. The team notes that the evaluation used simplified conditions—no authentication, accessible ADB ports—and that real‑world attacks would be more difficult.
Anthropic recommends basic security hygiene: change default passwords, apply updates, disable unused features, and monitor unusual inter‑device traffic. The findings suggest that while autonomous AI worms are not yet confirmed, small models are gaining the ability to self‑replicate in controlled environments.
Model page: Gemma 4 26B A4B →
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Can AI spread copies of itself? Considering preparations based on Anthropic's 'self-replication' evaluation
note.com · 22 October 2026
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